How To Install Junction Box In Existing Wall

Sometime Work Electric Boxes
How to install an electrical box into an existing wall or ceiling

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Installing an "former-work" electrical box or receptacle refers to methods used to add a metallic or plastic electrical box into an existing wall or ceiling without having to make all-encompassing cuts into the edifice surfaces.

Here we describe types of sometime work electrical boxes and devices used to secure those boxes in place safely.

This article series describes how to cull, locate, and wire an electrical receptacle in a domicile. Electrical receptacles (also chosen electric outlets or "plugs" or "sockets") are uncomplicated devices that are easy to install, but there are details to get right if you desire to be safe.

We also provide an Article INDEX for this topic, or you can try the page height or lesser SEARCH BOX as a quick way to find data you demand.

Choosing & Installing an Old Work Electric Box

Examples of Quondam Work Electrical Boxes & Methods of Installation

When an electrical circuit and electrical boxes are being added to an existing construction wires are snaked through building cavities to the desired fixture location and an sometime-work electric box or "junction box" is installed to contain electrical splices and devices.

Both metal and plastic sometime-work electrical boxes are available and there is a variety of clips, clamps, and other devices used to secure electric boxes in a wall or ceiling when the box cannot be conveniently nailed or screwed directly to the structure.

[Click to enlarge any image]

At above is a steel gang box with mounting hardware to permit old-work installation: those metallic brackets at the top and bottom of the box can exist screwed to a wall surface.

In my opinion I'd prefer to see this box used in a wood or paneled wall or on a plaster wall on wood lath rather than on uncomplicated drywall as I worry that in a receptacle installation someone may find they pull the whole installation off of the drywall when removing a wall plug.

Below we illustrate sparse steel clips (colored orange) that have been used (with considerable care) to secure a steel gang box in a drywall or plaster wall (adapted from Steel City products).

Adding these clips can make the box far more secure in the wall than if nosotros simply use the brackets shown in the left and middle illustrations.

Here are two rectangular old-work switch or receptacle boxes.

Above left is a Carlon 25 cubic inch ii-gang plastic electrical box.

Just above is an old-work plastic Zip Box suitable for a single electric switch or receptacle. The blue ear shown at the electric Nothing Box top at right (orange arrow) is pulled against the interior surface of the wall plaster or drywall as the installation screw (green arrow) is turned.

Below, using a Carlon circular 81 cubic-inch oldwork box as an example, we show the mounting screws that cause the swing-clamps to open and so pinch the box confronting plaster or drywall through which the box has been mounted (red arrows).

The majestic circumvolve and smaller oval show the states where the device-mounting screws (receptacle, switch, light-weight lamp fixture bracket) will be secured.

You can see that the 3 swing-clamps for this old work box are in the open up position just they'd be moved to a closed position to insert the box through a round opening cut in drywall or plaster.

Watch out: As nosotros discuss at PLASTIC ELECTRICAL BOX REPAIR, the circular blue Carlon electrical box at above correct includes a metal grounding lug shown in our larger purple circle.

This Carlon # B618RP-UPC is a 4 1/iv" diameter electrical box that has a UL 514C list, meets NEMA Os-two, and is specifically indicated past the manufacturer equally not for fixture support in the ceiling.

That article illustrates a failure where this box was used to hang a ceiling low-cal fixture. The lite began to fall out of the ceiling.

Beneath is some other one-time-work plastic electric box beingness installed in a ceiling.

Shown above, the rotating swing-clamps on the plastic quondam work box are open up for analogy (yellow arrow).

The swing clamps are pressed flat against the box sides (red arrow at above right) as it is pushed through its mounting hole into the ceiling or wall cavity.

As the box mounting screws (green pointer) are turned the plastic ears rotate open so are pulled tight confronting the drywall or plaster ceiling or wall surfaces, pulling the sometime piece of work electrical box flange against the exposed side of the ceiling or wall and holding it in identify.

In new construction an old-work box may be also needed if the electrician is asked to leave a wire exposed for future installation of fixture whose precise location has not been determined. In this case she may leave the wire protruding through a ceiling or wall and may plan on later re-locating the wire precisely using an old piece of work retrofit type electrical box.

Encounter PLASTIC Electric BOX REPAIR for an instance of selecting and installing an old work electrical box to power a ceiling-mounted light fixture

Watch out: do not rely on sometime work boxes with minimal support (but drywall, for example) to carry heavier fixtures or ones bailiwick to vibration or movement such as a ceiling fan. Such installations are unsafe.

Question: when were "Madison Bars" start used to install former work electrical boxes?

Ken The Old House Guy said:

Hello. My electrician found Madison Bars in my firm. Practice you know when they began being used in homes? - 2022/04/24

This Q&A were posted originally at ALUMINUM WIRING REPAIR FIELD NOTES

[Click to overstate any prototype]

Moderator reply: 1967 or after

Hi OHG, and cheers for a helpful question.

The earliest simplified apartment steel electrical box mounting clip or "F" prune patents I've found (so far - there may exist earlier versions) in the U.Southward. are from the 1950s, such as Shepard's "Wall Outlet Box Mounting" cited at the link I'll give beneath.

IF your electrical box supports are actually a Madison Electrical Company product, then, while the history of the Madison Electric Visitor extends back to 1914, the showtime official utilise of that name was in 1957, and then it's not likely that your "Madison Confined" are older than that.

Most-likely, if your old work electrical box is mounted using the very simple, thin metallic folded box supports shown below then that product is probably from 1960s, as Madison patented an electric box support in 1967 (cited below).

Encounter Albrecht, David B. Electrical BOX Support [PDF] U.Southward. Patent iii,337,168, issued Baronial 22, 1967.

Of form in that location will be boosted clues that can give the age of the installation, such every bit the historic period and blazon of electrical wiring, device, and wiring connectors.

See more electric system crumbling details

at Electric COMPONENTS, AGE, TYPES

A much before but more than-complex flat steel box support is described in

Seckinger, George D. "Outlet box hanger." U.South. Patent two,032,636, issued March 3, 1936.

More examples of "Madison Bars" - thin apartment metallic strips used to install an electrical box into a wall cavity through an opening cut only about the size of the electrical box itself, are shown beneath on this folio.

Types of Quondam Work Electrical Box Mounts

These box mounting strips permit mounting an electrical box in a wall without having to secure the box to a wall stud. These clips may exist used with standard steel electric boxes that include plaster ears.

The plaster ears are necessary to provide a support confronting the outside wall surface, against-which the "Madison Bars" or "Grip-Lok" or similar thin metal strips will be pulled to employ a counter force.

Synonyms for Old Work Box Support clips & mounts

• F-Clips
• F-Straps
• F-type Clips
• Swing-Ear Box Support
• Madison bars
• Old Piece of work Box Clips
• Old Piece of work Clips
• Old Piece of work Box Mounting Clips
• Old Work Box Support

Process for Adding an Old Work Electric Box in a Wall

Analogy, adapted from Caddy's Old Work Box installation canvass cited beneath. [Click to enlarge any epitome]

Watch out: if you are not trained & qualified to perform electrical work yous should non endeavor it as you can cause a building burn or you may be shocked or killed. Rent a licensed electrician.

1. Select the location & make the box cutout opening.

   Using the new electric box every bit a template, scribe and and so cutting an opening in the wall where the electric box is to be installed.

2. Snake the crave electric wire(s) to or through that wall opening, bringing the ends of the wires out of the wall opening and into the electric box - unremarkably a metal box, through an appropriate strain relief screwed to the box top or bottom.
3. Connect the electrical wires to the electric box

   Tip

   : having installed quite a few electrical boxes using "Madison Bars" or the Caddy(C) Old work box mount system, I note that y'all volition pretty much e'er have to cut a notch at the height or lesser of the wall opening in order to re-insert the box, now with wires, back into the wall cavity, passing the metallic strain relief through the opening along with the box.

   As long as y'all go on the total opening size smaller than that which tin be covered by the switchplate or receptacle box cover plate, the larger opening won't exist a cosmetic issue.

Have a look at this metal box with BX wiring shown above: you volition need a bit of a notch to re-insert this box into the wall cutout in an "old piece of work box" installation.

4. Insert the electrical box into the wall cutout, tipping it to first insert the strain-relief that holds the electric wire to the box.

   Tip

   : having installed quite a few electrical boxes using "Madison Bars" or the Caddy(C) Old work box mountain system, I annotation that you lot will pretty much always accept to cut a notch at the top or bottom of the wall opening in order to re-insert the box, now with wires, back into the wall crenel, passing the metal strain relief through the opening forth with the box.

   As long as you keep the total opening size smaller than that which tin can be covered by the switchplate or receptacle box comprehend plate, the larger opening won't be a cosmetic consequence.

5. Install the mounting clips or expanding screw prune equally directed by the manufacturer.

   Typically, as Caddy'southward Old Piece of work Box instructions prove here, a flat mounting prune is inserted aslope the outside of the electrical box, maneuvered into position, the in-wall-cavity arm is pulled tight confronting the inner surface of the plaster or drywall, and the thin metallic tab is so bent-over the edges of the metal box and folded tightly confronting the box sides.

   Watch out: the metal tab that is folded into the electrical box must be tight against the box sides and then equally not to spring out and contact a live electrical terminal such as are exposed on the sides of an electrical receptacle - lest you have a expressionless short!

   Tip:

   I use my lineman'southward plies to pinch the erstwhile work box prune tab tightly against the sides of the electrical box.

An alternative to old work electrical box clips is to use the newer plastic swing-arm or swing-ear "former-work" electrical boxes similar the circular electric "box" shown beneath.

Newer plastic erstwhile work boxes have an arm or "ear" that rotates outwards to secure the box by pinching against the inside of the drywall or plaster, brought tight past turning a screw.

Scout out: do not use a swing-arm electric box mount nor any other old-piece of work electrical box mounting arrangement to support ceiling light fixtures or fans whose weight may exceed the box mountain system rating and crusade the fixture to autumn from the ceiling.

See details at PLASTIC ELECTRICAL BOX REPAIR

Suppliers of Old Work Electrical Box Mounts, Clips, Supports - "Madison Bars"

• Appleton: 896, Hello-102
• Arlington: SBS

• Caddy: DSI2A - widely-distributed including https://rexel-cdn.com/

  Caddy (R) Former Piece of work Electric BOX [PDF] -

• Cooper B-Line: BB33, BB33L
• Crouse-Hinds: TP708
• Dottie: SBS165

• Garvin OWC Former Work METAL BOX Clip [PDF] Garvin Industries Tel: i-847-455-0188 E-mail: info@garvinindustries.com Website: www.garvinindustries.com
  https://inspectapedia.com/electrical/Garvin-Erstwhile-Work-Box-Clip-Specifications.pdf
• Hubbell-RACO Grip-Lok(R) Quondam WORK SWITCH BOX INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS [PDF] model #8977, used with any deep switch box that has ears, sport 1 seven/8" long legs, allows apply of a conventional metal electrical box every bit an "old work" box for installation into an existing wall or ceiling. (Instructions courtesy of Dwelling house Depot stores).

  Raco: 8977

In a higher place: Madison Electric Products Madison 102 Switch Box Support, - Galvanized Steel Material; 5-1/four Inch L 10 2-ane/4 Inch H Size; 500 Pair Standard Package; RoHS Compliant; Packaging Type Bulk

• Madison Electrical Products, 31855 Van Dyke, Warren, MI 48093 U.s., Tel: (586) 825-0200 Website: https://madisonelectric.com or alternative website info: HQ: Solon, Ohio, distribution facility in Duluth, Georgia, Tel: 1-800-631-7775 Website: https://meproducts.net/ Email: contactus@meproducts.net or info@madisonelectric.com

  Also encounter the ceiling low-cal fixture back up box described

  at CEILING Light FIXTURE INSTALLATION

  Website extract: In April of 1914, Morris H. Blumberg formed the Morris Blumberg Company in an old industrial building on Woodward Ave. in Detroit. ... what today is Madison Electric Company, one of the largest electric and electronic distribution firms in the country. The growth nosotros have achieved over the past 100+ years is certainly attributable to Mr. Blumberg, his brother Max who joined him in 1916, and to the subsequent generations (at present into our fourth) who have managed the concern. ... In 1957, Madison Electrical Company of Ann Arbor was founded by the Madison direction team and one of their outside salesmen. - retrieved 2022/04/24 original source: https://madisonelectric.com/about-united states of america/

• Thomas & Betts: Steel City OLD Work ELECTRICAL BOX RETROFIT CLIPS SPECIFICATIONS [PDF] Steel City: 820D from Thomas& Betts, Tel: 901-252-8000, Tech Support: 888-862-3289, Website: www.tnb.com
  This certificate describes both Quondam-Work switch box steel mounting holder #820D and Old-Piece of work Box Support Clips (spiral-secured) #OWC and OWC-Swing-Ear.
  
• Topaz "F" Clip

Historical Patents of Old Work Electric Boxes & Devices

These U.S. patents describing devices for securing or mounting "old piece of work" electrical boxes are bundled chronologically from oldest to newer inventions. In the U.K., Australia, New Zealand, Europe and other parts of Asia and Latin America other companies, inventions, and devices will, of form, have different ages and dates. Contributions to this list are invited from all readers.

Above; Buchanan'southward electric box support patent from 1932.

[Click to enlarge whatever prototype]

• Wagner, Joseph F. "Junction-box." U.S. Patent 1,090,805, issued March 17, 1914.
• Thomas, Jr George C. "Cable connecter." U.S. Patent 1,644,312, issued October 4, 1927.
  Extract:

  This arrangement prevents the force per unit area of the screw from pushing the cable G back out through the box pigsty, and this is an-important feature along with the fact that these improvements enable me to place the screw inside the box in this type of connecter which is an reward because the connecter tin can be used for both old and new business firm wiring work.

• Davis, Elmer D., and Robert T. Payne. "Electric fixture and fan support." U.Due south. Patent 1,824,708, issued September 22, 1931.
• Buchanan, Stephen North. BOX Support [PDF] U.S. Patent 1,847,169, issued March 1, 1932.

  Excerpts:
  I of the main purposes of the invention is to provide ways to anchor a box on or 1n the wall or to the wall lath without employing screws, nails or other means of the usual and well known kind for securing the/ box to the A further object is to produce a one slice box support which is capable of being hands and apace snapped or clipped onto the edge of the wall or to a lath, whereupon the box is and so mounted on the support, the unabridged operation being carried out without the use of nails or screws which avoids splitting, breaking or dissentious the wall or lath thereof.

  A farther object is to produce a box support which is also capable of property a switch cake, plug receptacle, or other electric contact making device within the box without the utilise of screws.

  In other words, this latter object is in addition to the first one stated so that by the use of my invention, a box, together with a switch block (or other electric contact making device, may exist mounted in a wall without the use of screws or nails.

• Buchanan, Stephen North. Adaptable SUPPORTING Ways [PDF] U.South. Patent 1,855,751, issued April 26, 1932.

  Note: an early on, divide, adaptable support clench for mounting electrical boxes.
  Excerpt: This invention relates to adaptable supporting means for various articles, such as conduit or outlet boxes, used in electric light wiring of buildings, conduits conveying electrical light wires, signal wires,.h2o, gas etc.

• Yanchenko, Basil J. "Grounding connecter." U.S. Patent ane,890,105, issued December six, 1932.
• Olier, Jr Henry D. Electric FIXTURE SUPPORTING DEVICE [PDF] U.Southward. Patent one,897,954, issued February 14, 1933.
• Hubbell, Jr Harvey. Unit of measurement WALL BOX and RECEPTCLE [PDF] U.S. Patent 1,971,302, issued August 21, 1934.

  Annotation: this patent illustrates Hubbell'south T-shaped wall plug receptacle socket openings.

  Extract: It is, therefore, an object of the nowadays invention to provide a receptacle construction in which the usual wall box is not necessary, and in which it is not necessary to provide a greater opening in the wall or baseboard than is required for the receptacle itself.

• De Witt, Burton. ELECTRICAL SWITCH and RECEPTACLE BOX [PDF] U.S. Patent 1,978,401, issued October 30, 1934.
  Excerpts:

  A farther and important object of the invention is to provide a switch or receptacle box that is automatically anchored in set position during placement thereof in a wall or other opening and eliminating the use of plaster ears so that a box may be set into an opening with less difficulty.

  The electric switch and receptacle box in this awarding is primarily designed for quondam work equally distinguished from new work. The box heretofore employed comprised three wall sections including a i piece bottom and ends and separable side walls to permit gangable installation and such boxes require a series of lug and screw devices for retaining the separable walls in assembled formation.

  The stop walls of the known box carry mounting plates or plaster ears to facilitate the mounting of the box by means of the plaster ears on studding or other support.

  The screws for attaching the plaster ears to the end walls of the box project interiorly of the box and are exposed to the wire leading from a switch and frequently produce what is known in the trade as a swinging basis.

• Seckinger, George D. OUTLET BOX HANGER [PDF] U.Southward. Patent 2,032,636, issued March 3, 1936.

  Excerpts: Past way of caption, it may be stated that the locating of an outlet box of the kind used past electricians is a somewhat difficult task, either on new work or on quondam piece of work.

  The location of the box presupposes that the carpenter volition provide a proper support for it. Sometimes the support is not properly located on new work, and it very frequently has to be provided on sometime work.

  At that place are bug such as placing the box in a level and in a symmetrical position, in properly spaced relation horizontally, to the frame of a door, and the like.

  The foregoing being understood, it may be stated that the object of the present invention is to provide a simple bracket whereby an outlet box may be located properly under almost all of the atmospheric condition that can be met with in actual practice, the bracket being adapted to the utilise of practically every outlet box at present constitute on the market.

• Encompass, Peter, ELECTRIC SWITCH BOX [PDF] U.S. Patent two,286,898, issued June 16, 1942.
  Excerpt:

  1 of the principal objects of my invention is to provide a switch box equipped with inner and outer elements for securing the box within the discontinuity of the wall. Some other object of my invention is to provide a box equipped with adjustable sides controlled past a securing means.

  A further object of my invention is to provide a switch box of the in a higher place described character which is adaptable for utilize in connection with old every bit well as new work by ways of the several adjustments for diverse widths of apertures or thicknesses of walls.

• Robert, Haynes. OUTLET COLLAR FLANGE [PDF] U.S. Patent two,374,993, issued May 1, 1945.
  Extract:

  In many places where electrical outlet boxes are required, especially in connection with one-time work, there is not sufficient working room for a proper installation, such every bit could be 'done on new piece of work, and when the ordinary box and hanger are employed, the hanger bar rests on the upper surface o f the ceiling.

  At that place is no way of fastening the hanger bar, unless the ceiling is cutting away to give admission to the, hanger: but a cutting away of the ceiling is undesirable, because information technology calls a plasterer on the job, to close the breach in the ceiling. The present invention aims to provide such a structure whereby the difficulties higher up referred to may be remedied,` novel ways being employed in [making a ?] identify and holding it deeply anchored.

• Kolb, Walter G. "Convenience outlet." U.S. Patent 2,459,659, issued January xviii, 1949.

• Shepard, Frank B. WALL BOX OUTLET MOUNTING [PDF] U.Due south. Patent 2,586,728, issued February 19, 1952.

  Note: this is an early F-clip or clip type electric box mounting device.
  Excerpts:

  The object of the invention is to provide a fixture which will facilitate the installation of diverse sized switch boxes in wall boards of buildings.

  Another object of the invention is to provide a fixture for maintaining a switch box anchored in a wall board opening even though the switch box be subjected to impact and other stresses.

  A further object of the invention is to provide a supporting fixture for switch boxes which is extremely simple and cheap to manufacture.

  ... From the foregoing, it will be credible that a device has been provided which will facilitate the installation of various types of electrical switch boxes. The devices has no abrupt edges and there is provided a lath surface area of surface contact for preventing the switch box I2 from working loose from the wall board [0. By using the supporting fixture, the user tin can easily install switch boxes in new or old building constructions. The fixtures are made of sheet metallic, such as sheet steel, copper, aluminum, or the like, in social club to conform to the necessary building codes.

• Bragg, William Eastward. MOUNTING Ways for Affluent RECEPTACLES [PDF] U.S. Patent ii,767,945, issued October 23, 1956.
  Extract:

  This invention relates to new and useful improvements and structural refinements in means for mounting flush blazon receptacles in wall recesses, and the principal object of the invention is to provide extremely unproblematic mounting ways of this type whereby the installation of a receptacle in a wall may be apace and hands effected.

• Clark, Edward B. "Armored cablevision clamp for a askew corner box." U.S. Patent 2,814,509, issued November 26,

In a higher place: the "Madison Bar" or electric box support designed and patented by Albrecht and filed by Madison Equipment Co. granted in 1967.

[Click to enlarge any image]

• Albrecht, David B. ELECTRICAL BOX SUPPORT [PDF] U.S. Patent iii,337,168, issued August 22, 1967. Application filed by Madison Equipment Co.

  Excerpts:
  David B. Albrecht, Shaker Heights, Ohio, assignor to Madison Equipment Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Filed Aug. 18, 1965, Ser. No. 480,718 5 Claims. (Cl. 24827) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The disclosure relates to a switch box securing device which is a fiat sparse metal bar with laterally extending specially removed fingers integrally formed with one edge of the bar.

  The bar terminates in a flat end a distance from 1 finger and terminates in a beveled cease at the other end. A cutaway portion in the finger remote from the beveled end extending from a signal intermediate the finish of i finger and terminating in the adjacent side of the bar.

  A recess is formed along the opposite edge of the bar from that which the fingers are attached to accommodate the laterally protruding switch box ganging means, and a wall embedding projection emanating from the same border of the bar equally the fingers at a position intermediate one of the fingers and a terminal terminate of the bar.

  This invention relates to electrical wiring products and more particularly to an electrical box support for securing electrical switch boxes into wall openings.

  In the placement of electrical switch boxes at desired wall positions of buildings which accept already been constructed or into buildings which have walls constructed out of commercially available materials such as wallboard, plaster, wood, etc., it has been found expedient to utilize electrical switch box straps of a structure which include a sparse flat sheet metallic strip having an border which engages the rearward surface of the wall, and which has laterally projecting fingers formed integrally with the rear wall surface engaging edge.

  The fingers are made of a resilient material and are capable of being aptitude about the switch box side walls to prevent outward movement of the box relative to the wall discontinuity.

  Switch boxes in the most usual class are of the well known rectangular type. When placed into the accommodating wall aperture, the inward movement of the switch box is express by protuberances or ears, which are mounted in opposed projecting relationship to the upper and lower walls of the box, engaging the outward surface of the wall.

  However, unless appropriate means are provided to limit the outward movement of the box it is obvious that the box will not exist held in the appropriate wall aperture. It is the purpose of my electrical switch box support to engage the rear of the wall and provide outwardly extending fingers which are clamped to the sides of the switch box to forestall any forrad movement of the box.

  In improver, modern switch boxes are provided with suitable clamping ways on the upper and lower surfaces which cooperate with suitable compatible clamping means carried by the side Walls thereof to let a plurality of private switch boxes to be ganged together where the installation and so requires.

...

Go on reading at ELECTRICAL RECEPTACLE LOCATIONS or select a topic from the closely-related articles below, or see the complete Article Alphabetize.

Or meet these

Electrical Box Articles

• Electrical BOX TYPES
  • CEILING LIGHT FIXTURE INSTALLATION
  • ELECTRICAL BOX SCREW REPAIR
  • Electrical BOX Screw REPAIR, Metallic BOX MENDER
  • Exterior ELECTRICAL BOX REPAIR
  • Metal Electric BOX SCREW REPAIR
  • Erstwhile WORK ELECTRICAL BOXES for RETROFIT
  • PLASTIC Electric BOX REPAIR
• Electric BOX Footing WIRING
• ELECTRICAL OUTLET, HOW TO Add & WIRE - abode
• Electrical OUTLET, HOW TO Add together in OLDER HOME
• ELECTRICAL RECEPTACLE HEIGHT & CLEARANCES
• ELECTRICAL RECEPTACLE LOCATIONS
• OLD HOUSE Electrical SYSTEMS
• OLD HOUSE Electrical GROUNDING
• SIZE of WIRE REQUIRED for ELECTRICAL RECEPTACLES for receptacle circuits and like wiring situations

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